Climate change is a phenomenon that greatly affects various aspects of life, one of which is the increasing frequency of global floods. Floods caused by climate change are not only economically detrimental, but also threaten ecosystems and the survival of communities. One of the main impacts of climate change is an increase in global temperatures. Higher temperatures accelerate the evaporation of water from the sea surface, resulting in increased atmospheric humidity. This high humidity causes more intense and unpredictable rainfall. For example, areas previously unaffected by flooding are now experiencing the phenomenon due to changing weather patterns. As temperatures increase, ice in the polar regions is also melting rapidly. Global warming causes the melting of ice in Greenland and Antarctica, which contributes to sea level rise. This rise caused coastal flooding in major cities around the world, such as Miami, Jakarta, and Bangkok, where hundreds of thousands of people lost their homes and livelihoods. In terms of frequency, major floods are increasingly occurring. A study shows that between 1980 and 2020, the likelihood of major flooding almost doubled. These floods are often accompanied by storms and other extreme weather, complicating disaster recovery systems in affected areas. For farmers, floods can destroy crops and cause major losses in food production. Floods not only threaten life on land but also have a negative impact on aquatic ecosystems. Habitat loss, pollution from waste carried by water, and shifts in animal and plant species are risks that threaten the sustainability of the ecosystem. Furthermore, climate change is also driving human migration. In a situation where floods become more frequent and more severe, many people are forced to leave their homes in search of safer places. This phenomenon creates new challenges for migration destination countries, which must accommodate an increasing population. Efforts to deal with the impacts of flooding due to climate change are increasingly urgent. Every country is required to increase preparedness in facing this disaster through technology, better policies and public education. Investment in flood-resistant infrastructure and sustainable management of water resources is essential. The involvement of local communities in disaster planning and mitigation is also a crucial step to increase resilience. Through increased awareness and collaboration, we can work to reduce the increasingly real impacts of climate change. Flooding due to climate change is a complex challenge and requires serious attention from all over the world. Dealing with these conditions in an innovative and sustainable way is the key to reducing the resulting impacts and protecting future generations from greater disasters.
